In the study published in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy O Sciences, researchers explored how tiny charged particles, called ions, move within a complex network of microscopic pores.

According to Gupta, assistant professor of chemical and biological engineering at the University of Colorado Boulder in the US, this success could lead to the development of more efficient energy storage devices such as 'supercapacitors'.

Gupta said the discovery is important not only for energy storage in vehicles and electronic devices, but also for the power grid, where energy is stored to avoid wastage during low demand and ensure prompt delivery during high demand. Fluctuations in demand require efficient storage.

Supercapacitors, energy storage devices that rely on ion collection in their pores, have faster charging times and longer lifespans than batteries, he said.

According to the researchers, the primary appeal of supercapacitors lies in their speed. Prior to this study, ion movements were only defined directly into the pore in the literature.

The discovery allows the simulation and prediction of ion flow in complex networks of thousands of interconnected pores in minutes, the researchers said.