World Asthma Day is celebrated every year on 7 May to raise awareness about this condition. This year's theme is 'Asthma Education Empowered'.

People with asthma have thickened lung walls, blocking mucus and highly reactive airways.

The airways become even narrower during an asthma attack due to the presence of triggers such as pollen, dust particles or viral infections. Asthma primarily affects the lungs; However, experts warn that it can also directly or indirectly disrupt the functioning of the brain.Praveen Gupta, Principal Director and Head, Praveen Gupta said, “Asthma attacks can result in ischemic disruption of white matter, which leads to oxygen deprivation in the brain and damage to brain cells. Seizures and poor management of the condition can disrupt sleep and disrupt brain function." Department of Neurology, Fortis Hospital, Gurugram told IANS.

Research has shown that both adults and children with asthma experience cognitive impairment. However, such cognitive impairment in asthma patients is due to changes in the structure of the brain.Asthma patients experience a reduction in hippocampal volume, which is closely linked to cognitive impairment.

"Asthma can also have secondary effects on neurological function, particularly in children. Factors such as hypoxia, inflammation and chronic stress o disease can potentially influence neurocognitive function. A distinction between asthma and different neurological outcomes in children This includes decreased cognitive function, increased risk of behavioral problems, disturbances in sleep patterns and possible drug side effects, Aratrika Das, consultant pulmonology at Narayana Hospital RN Tagore Hospital, told IANS.

Additionally, people with asthma also have low levels of the chemical NAA, which impairs their memory.Additionally, lack of oxygen during an asthma attack can damage the hippocampus, making it harder for them to learn spatial tasks.

"There is a cognitive burden associated with asthma, particularly on vulnerable groups
, This may be attributed to the higher likelihood of intermittent cerebral hypoxia in severe cases of asthma. The cognitive deficits associated with asthma are global, with the strongest effects on broad measures of academic achievement and executive functioning. "There may be associated changes in brain structure," Neetu Jain, senior consultant, critical care, sleep medicine, PSR Hospital, told IANS.

The exact mechanism of cognitive dysfunction in patients with asthma is unknown.Asthma patients are affected by stress and emotion. He said that any factor causing emotional distress can trigger an asthma attack.

Experts called for understanding the complex interrelationship between asthma and neurological function. They called for attention to both respiratory and neurological aspects of asthma care to optimize treatment strategies and promote overall well-being.